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16S rRNA RefSeq: V15.23    Genomic RefSeq: V10.1
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Streptococcus gordonii (HMT-622)
Taxon Description:
Viridans type of streptococci has had taxonomic revisions. Previously designated as strains of Streptococcus sanguis subsp. sanguis [14]. Suggested that strain NCTC 3165 a strain of Streptococcus mitis be included [4].

Disease Associations:
Generally associated with healthy oral microflora but has been associated with intact enamel in children with primary caries surfaces [2]. May play a role in caries production [3].Has also been associated with infective endocarditis and recurrent aphthous ulcerations

Prevalence and Source:
Commonly found in the human oral cavity and throat. Has been isolated from blood and heart valves of patients with bacterial endocarditis. May be found occasionally in human feces
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Classification:
Domain:Bacteria
Phylum:Firmicutes
Class: Bacilli
Order: Lactobacillales
Family:Streptococcaceae
Genus: Streptococcus
Species:Streptococcus gordonii
Status: Named - Cultured
Type/Reference Strain: ATCC 10558, NCTC7865
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Former Names or Synonyms:
Phylum: Firmicutes
16S rRNA Reference Sequences:    view in
RefSeq tree
RefSeq ID: 622_3931


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Genotypic Description:
Phenotypic Characteristics: Facultatively anaerobic Gram positive cocci approximately 1 um in diameter that grow in short chains in broth cultures. Carbohydrates are femented primarily to lactic acid and no gas. Catalase negative. Cell wall contains glycerol teichoic acid and rhamnose. Peptidoglycan type is Lys-Ala1-3S. gordonii is similar to S. sanguis (sanguinis) but can be differentiated based on the following; DNA homology lower G+C content of the DNA (42 vs 46 mol%) ferments amygdalin has alkaline phosphatase and B-glucosaminidase activities lacks IgA1 protease activity multilocus enzyme analysis [4].3 biovars of S. gordonii differ biochemically and serologically but all biovars possess the group H antigen [4]
Cultivability: Alpha-hemolytic colonies (0.7- 1.2 mm diameter) on blood agar and extensive greening on chocolate agar.
Pangenome(s):
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Microbial Ecology
(Abundance/Prevalence):		 [Open Abundance/Prevalence Page for ]
Proteomics:
NCBI Taxon ID: 1302 [Link to NCBI]
PubMed Searches:
[NCBI PubMed Link]
[NCBI (Entrez) Nucleotide Link]
[NCBI (Entrez) Protein Link]
Number of
Genome Sequences:		 88 See List
Phylogenetic Trees:
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References:

[1] Kilian M, Mikkelsen L, Henrichsen J. Taxonomic study of viridans Streptococci: Description of Streptococcus gordonii sp. nov. and emended descriptions of S. sanguis (White and Niven 1946), S. oralis .... Int J Syst Bacteriol. 1989 Oct;39(4):471-84.
[2] Coykendall AL, Specht PA. DNA base sequence homologies among strains of Streptococcus sanguis. J Gen Microbiol. 1975 Nov;91(1):92-8
[3] Becker MR, Paster BJ, Leys EJ, Moeschberger ML, Kenyon SG, Galvin JL, Boches SK, Dewhirst FE, Griffen AL. Molecular analysis of bacterial species associated with childhood caries. J Clin Microbiol. 2002 Mar;40(3):1001-9
[4] Sansone C, Van Houte J, Joshipura K, Kent R, Margolis HC. The association of mutans streptococci and non-mutans streptococci capable of acidogenesis at a low pH with dental caries on enamel and root surfaces. J Dent Res. 1993 Feb;72(2):508-16